The municipality of Porto is the local authority of Porto and is located in the North of Portugal in the Iberian Peninsula. The municipality has a total area of 41.42 km2, subdivided into 7 parishes, 231,962 inhabitants and a population density of 5,165 inhabitants/km2 (2021). Currently steadily regrowing, the city lost approximately 30 per cent of its population between 1980 and 2011. The municipality is bordered to the north by the municipalities of Matosinhos and Maia, to the east by Gondomar, to the south by Vila Nova de Gaia/Douro River and to the west by the Atlantic Ocean. Porto is at the heart of the Porto Metropolitan Area and the Northern Region. The municipality considers climate change to be one of the most important challenges of the 21st century. Climate projections for Porto point to a potential decrease in total annual precipitation and a potential increase in temperatures, intensifying the occurrence of hotter and drier summers and falls. It is projected an increase in the frequency of heat waves and intense and very intense precipitation events. The projection of a continued rise in mean sea level could create new problems in the municipality's coastal areas, although the real impacts are not yet clear.
PORTO represents the Portuguese planner case study.